Gold-kettering machine



Nov. 8, 1927.

| SCHWARZMANN GOLD LETTERlNG MACHINE 15 Shea 3 Filed Dec. 4, 1923 w an m T N E v m Nov. 8, 1927. 1,648,007 1.. SCHWARZMANN GOLD LETTERING MACHINE Fi led Dec. 4. 1923 15 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Nov. 8, 1927. 1,648,007 L. SCHWARZMANN GOLD LETTERING MACHINE Filed Dec. 4, 1923 l Sheets-Sheet 3 243 244 F1, .3 228 342 25.3

Nov. 8, 192 7.

| SCHWARZMANN GOLD LETTERING momma;

Filed Dec. 4, 1923 15 Sheets-Sheet 4 pg)! M'WENTOL' INVENTOR w m: .m F v11 -W fi ltiii-l N .w J Q H HnHHHHHHHH WW ANN 15 Sheets-S L, SCHWARZM GOLD LE'i-TERING MACHINE Filed Dec. 4, 1923 Nov. 8, 192 7.

Nov. 8, 1927. 1,648,007 L. scHwARzMANN GOLD LETTERING MACHINE Filed Dec. 4, 1923 15 Sheets-Sheet s J1: (5. A 64 5 83 5 20a le 4! 17- R 1 i v a. ;1 L 7 5g 64 T 6' 1 Nov. 8, 1927. 1,648,007 I L. SDCHWARZMANN GOLD LETTERING MACHINE Filed Dec. 4, 1925 15 Sheets-Sheet 7 a; *3 N 0 Q com) LETTERING MACHINE Filed Dec. 4, 1923 15 sheets-sheet e INVENTOR baa/1% Nov. 8, 192 7.

L. SCHWARZMANN sow LETTERING MACHINE Sheets-Sheet 9 Filed Dec Nov. 8, 1927. 1,648,007

SCHWARZMANN GOLD LETTERING MACHINE Filed Dec. 4, 1923 15 Sheets-Sheet 1Q Nov. 8, 1927. 134mm L. SCHWARZMANN GOLD LETTERING MACHINE Filed Dec. 4, 1925 15 Sheets-Sheet ll Nov. 8,

Filed Dec. 4, 1923 15 Sheets-Sheet l2 Nov. 8, 192 7. r

L. SCHWARZMANN GOLD LETTERING MACHINE Filed Dec. 4, 1923 15 Sheets-Sheet l3 Nov. 8, 1927; 1,648,007

y L. SCHWARZMANN GOLD LETTERING MACHINE Filed Dec. 4, 1923 15 Sheets-Sheet 14 :jNToR Patented Nov 8, 19217,

UNITEE) LEON SGHWARZMANN, OF NEW YORK, 1%".

DEVELOPMENT COBKORATEOEI, OFNEEV 353333, ill.

YORK.

35., ASSIG-IJOR- Ti) PATENTED MACHINERY A COBFPOBATION OF NEW GOLD-LETTER1NG MACIEIZINE.

Application filed December i, 1923. Serial No. 678,435.

The present invention relates broadly tothe art of printing, and more particularly to mechanism for printing with gold or other foil.

At the present time printing with gold or c other foil is practiced in most of the modern jobbing bookbinderies by all-hand methods. Each line of a word or words to be impressed on the book cover,and whenever practical more than one line at a time,-is composed of individual printing characters and individual spacers, when the latter are required, in a hand type holder called a pallet. The pallet is then placed on a gas heater, and, when it has acquiredthe necessary temperature, it is applied by hand to the book cover, the latter having been previously treated with a coat of egg albu men or other adhesive substance, dried, then coat-ed with petroleum jelly or vegetable oil to keep it in a moist condition, and then cover-ed with gold or silver foil. The book with its cover attached is held in an upright position on the work table by a suitable clamp. The pressed contact of the heated types of the pallet with the book cover softens the egg albumen or its equivalent and cifects a firm adherence of the metallic foil to the book cover. The excess foil may be removed with benzine, since the .softening of the adhesive takes place only at those portions thereof with which the types make direct contact.

The above method has many objectionable features. The composition of a line with individual characters and spacers is a very slow, troublesome and tedious operation, as is also the redistribution of the types and spacers after use. It requires a great deal of skill and experience on the part of the operator to select, without error, the proper sizes of types and spacers for the composition of the pallet, in order that a book of given thickness may have the title, sub-title, authors name, etc., printed with types of the proper size and properly spaced apart, and with appropriate margins between the ends of the lines and the edges of the book cover. It often happens, moreover, that after a line, has been composed, it will be found to be too long, or otherwise unsuitable, so that the types must be redistributed and the line composed anew with a different size types and different spacings beti the characters, because the only gauge used in this all-hand method for estimating the size of a given title, etc., for the spaceavailable on the book cover, is the operators eye, which is quite fallible.

The greatest drawback in this all-hand method is not, however, inthe use of individual characters, but in the handling of the pallet while making the impressions. In order to make a good job, the operator must press the pallet with its characters on the book cover in such manner that each character presents its face perfectly parallel to the work, and he must take particular care to center the line with respect to the side edges of the book cover, and to position it parallel to the top edge thereof before the types are brought into contact with the book cover, for the reason that as soon as the hot types touch the surface of the book, an impression is made and any wabbling orshifting of the pallet after commencing vthe impression will'inevitably cause a blurred efect.

Another objection to the all-hand method is that it involves a considerable tax upon the strength and endurance of the operator in effecting the pressure of the'pallet on the work, particularly when relatively jlarge types are used, or when an especially long a line of characters is employed, as when printing on the front or back side of the cover.

'lVhere the impressions are to be made on the backbone of the cover, an additional dif-v liculty is encountered due to the arcuate shape of the backbone, which prevents all of the characters contained in the pallet from simultaneously making contact with the backbone, as is the case when the im human agency alone is tion of the traine heiiisr hrolteii an tionel view, then on the line Viithe intended path, and ii non-uniform inipression of the characters and a crooked line is the result.

In the all-hand proe ss where the Iallible a," above pointment of the various iflOtOlif 1 le in the exe- 7 ed out, which are indispeiseo cution of good job, errois oi larger or smaller degree a e unavoidabl Tv hile these errors are reduced to a minimum hy the dexterity oi the trained operator they are, no V- ertheless, or such nature as t frequently seriously impair the appearance of the product. Fur heri'nore, the tilldlilltl operation necessarily a slow one, which '5 en ini1 irtent consideration when the (p tion of cost is to be taken into account.

By the present invention 1 have provided a machine ivherehy these ii.

vorio 1 hand operations, with their liability to error, may he etlected by mechanical means with accuracy, and witl more speed and without requiring as much skill or experience on the part of the operator as in "do all-hand method. thereby nuihii j; posxihle an inerased produ *tion with lower operating costs.

In the accompanying ilrziwii shown lfor purposes oi illiistrritioi einhodiinent ot' the present inventioin ing understood that the drawings do not de line the limits of the invention, a; changes may he made in the const r eretion therein disclosed without departing from the spirit of the invention or scope of my broader claims.

In the drawings:

Figure l is ii plan view oi? the nine Figure 2 is a side elevation ot the chine looking from the left. the fi'iin'ie heing partly hi'olzen aw Figure 3 is ii front el viition oi the nu:- chine;

l igure is a view taken on T Figure 5 is 2. traiisve view taken on the line vertical sectional il ot Figure -1e vertical sectional chine looking troin the Ti T i nlgure i is longitudinal ve I I I vert cal sectionei tely on the. line Vill 111 of Figure l figure 9 is a sectional view taken on the line li lli of FIl lUQ 1;

i ure 10 is a sectional view taken on the line -ZX oi' Fl Figure 12 is a i, sectional view oi the character-in ring heed showing a type Wheel carrier associated therewith;

reeeee'i Figure '13 is a view rorre pondito Figure 1;, but showing a plain type ii'licel as i 5 i fi' #1 i societec \vri L1G iieao,

lfigure 14 is a view corr iire 12, but showing a iniil SOCHLlQLl with the hen d: 5 is a front elevation of the multi- Fig-Fire i pellet wheel. ports ii i i; broken EHTHI) and rt 1: in section;

E1; is 'lrnpineutzii'y sectional View 2 wheel carrier, illustrating the fillQCiiOll het veen the type wheels;

' is :1 view illustrating the locksociated With the type wheel can he indicating no wheel carrier Flflflllfl i type wheel;

Figure is a view illuStlzit'li] wheel carrier 11 certain part and certain iLiI iii section;

Figure plan view oi the heating element and its housing;

1 is a so *tioniil view taken on the ll of Figure 21;

2i view taken on the line iistrating the plain the type removed pa i:-

ot liigure 12; let-ail. sectional view illi a nn'idilied form of driving; connec tion between the type wheels;

Figure 25 is an end view of one of the driving elenients shown n Figure 2 l e 26 is a view illustrating a master Figure 27 is a view illustrating one of the type wheels;

Figure 28 is it View illustrating}; in section and iii end elevation one of the driving eleiiie shown in FlQlllO 16: V

Figure 29 is view siii'iil ir to l: the section. however, being taken entries to the section ot Figure 2h;

pure 30 is a detail view of another drivlenient shown ll) Figure 16;

igiiies 31 and 32 are un edge view and. (.lifi'dilOi] respectively oi one of the elee s ol 2 puir (it connected plates iii which ii tyne wheel is ioui'; tiled;

flare 3 3 is :1 detail view of an element enipi y onnc on with the ii'iulti-peillet wheel elven on the .l view FiQ'UlG is a plan view of the \OilT plate and the chiinping plates and iiiiiliczitinp; plate 2'2. ocizited therewith:

ne stationlUtl ill]

Figure 39 is a sectional view taken on the line XXXIXXXXIX of Figure 38.

Referring to Figures 1 to 7, inclusive, the machine shown comprises a horizontal rectangular frame 2. supported at a suitable elevation from the floor upon legs 3. Sc cured upon the front portion of this frame by means of screws f is a horizontal work plate 5.

The sides of the frame 2 are formed at their upper edges to provide rails 6 which extend from the rear ,end of the frame to approximately the middle of the work plate, as indicated in Figure 1. These rails have their outer edges beveled for cooperation with similarly beveled surfaces on a U- shaped slide 7 which is mounted upon said rails, a shim 8 (Figure 4-), adjustable by means of screws 9 and lock nuts 10 (Figure 2), beingprovided for taking up wear. It will be seen by reference to Figures 4 and 10 that the rear flange of the work plate 5 is cut away to permit the front portion of the slide 7 to advance beneath the plate. Secured to the right hand side of the frame 2, at the opposite ends thereof, by means of screws 11 is a pair of brackets 12 and 13 in which is journaled a lead screw 14 engaged by a nut 15 secured to a downwardly extending flange 16 formed integral with the right hand side of the slide 7. The lead screw has a pinion 17 mounted thereon adjacent the bracket 13, said pinion meshing with a similar pinion 18 mounted on the inner end of a short shaft 19 journaled in the lower portion of the bracket 13, said shaft having mounted on its Outer end a hand wheel 20 provided with an operating handle 21. By this means, the slide 7 may be moved forwardly or rearwardly with respect to the plate 5, depending upon the direction in which the hand wheel 20 is rotated.

Mounted upon the slide 7 for movement transversely of the frame 2 is a carriage 22, the slide having a dovetailed portion 23 engaging in a similarly shaped recess in the carriage. The latter has secured thereto a nut 2 f projecting into a transversely extending recess or channel 25 in the slide. This not engages a lead screw 26 journaled in the left hand side of the slide. An end of the screw projects beyond this side of the slide and has mounted thereon a spiral pinion 27 meshing with a spiral gear 28. This gear is provided with a hub 29 through which extends a shaft 30 journaled at its opposite ends in brackets 31 and 32 secured to the left hand side of the frame 2. The hub29 is splined to the shaft 30by means of a key83, shown in detail in Figure 11,

. engaging in a channel or keyway 34 in the shaft, said key having its ends upset to engage the opposite ends of the hub. Two sets of ball bearings 35 are mounted upon the hub, and interposed between these hearings is the forked end 36 of an angular plate 37 secured. to the slide 7 by screws 38. The gear 28, bearings 35 and forked end 36 are held in the desired close relationship by means of anut 39 breaded. on the end of the hub.

The shaft 30 carries adjacent the bracket 32 a pinion 4O meshing with a pinion 41 on y is moved longitudinally of the frame by turning the lead screw 14, the gear 28 will be moved with the slide by reason of the engagement of the forked end 36 of plate 37 between the bearings 35, the hub being slidablc on the shaft 30.

Secured upon the upper side of the carriage 22 by screws 45 is a U-shaped bracket 1-6 (Figure Fixed in'one of the upright arms of the bracket by means of a setscrew 1-7 is a stiiid 48 having a conical inner end. A second stud 4L9, also having a conical inner end i threaded through the opposite up right arm of said bracket and held in adjusted position by a lock nut 50.

The conical inner ends of the studs 48 and 4L9 form bearings for a substantially U- shaped member 51 (Figure 2), the upper arm 52 of which extends above the frame 2 and longitudinally thereof and is slightly longer than the lower arm. 53 thereof, which extends below said frame. The upper arm has a hub portion 54; adjacent the rear end thereof, in the opposite ends of which are formed cone-shaped recesses to receive said conical ends of said studs. An oil duct 55 extends through Arid hub portion from one recess to the other and is in connnunication with a second duct 56 opening at the upper side of said hub portion, whereby lubricant may be applied to said bearings. The forward free end of the arm 52 is bifurcated,

and screws 57 (Figure 1) extend through the arms 58 of said bifurcated end, and constitute means for supporting a charactermarking head to be hereinafter described.

At the front of the machine, beneath the work plate 5, is a rock-shaft 59 extending transversely of the frame and journaled at its opposite ends in the side members of said frame. A rearwardly extending rocker-arm 60 (Figure 1) is rigidly connected at one endto an intermediate portion of said shaft aim is pivotally connected at its other end to the upper end of a connecting rod 61 (Figure 2), the latter being pivotally connected at its lower end to a iever 62 inter iii members of the frame 2.

mediate the ends of the latter. Said lever is pivoted at its rear end to the frame of the machine, and at its forward end carries foot treadle 63. lltlOllHtGCl upon, and to turn with, the roclnshaft 59 adjacent the inner sides the side members of the frame 2, is a pair of downwardly extending rear- *ardly curved rocker-arms 6% (Figures 1 and T). These rocker-arms are connected by rear wardly extending;- parallel. horizontal links 65 with a pair o similar downwardly extending' forwardly curved rocker-arms 66 journaled upon studs (3? carried by the side transversely extending; rod 68 (Figures 1 and t) is threadedly connected at its opposite ends to sleeves slidably mounted upon the links 65. A sleeve 70 is slidaoly mounted on the rod 68 and has an integral rearwardly extending pin it (Figures 2 and 4:) engaging in a bore in the free end portion of the lower arm 53 of the "ti-shaped member 51, and secured therein by a set screw 7 2.

it will be apparent that the operative connection between the U shaped member F1 and the foot treadle 63 is such as not to interfere with the longitudinal movements of the slide 7 or the transverse movements of the carriage 22. The normal position of the links 65 is the full line position thereof shown in Figure 7, in which position the bifurcated end of arm 52 of el-shaped member 51 is raised. By stepping upon the foot treadle 63, the links 65 may be moved into the dotted line position thereof shown in Figure 7, thereby depressing the bifurcated end of arm 52, in order to bring the character-marking head into cooperative relation with a book cover, as will be hereinafter fully described.

Movement of the carriage 22 transversely of the frame 2 may be effected either manually, through the medium of the hand wheel 41-3, or automatically step by step. The latter movement is effected through means shown most clearly in Figures 1, 2, 8 and 9. Fixed upon the left hand end of the shaft at the outer side of the corresponding side member of the frame 2 is a toothed segment 73. This segment meshe with a pinion T t rigidly mounted upon the hub of a bevel pinion jourualed upon a stud 76 projecting from the frame 2. The bevel. pinion i5 meshes with a similar pinion 'Z'i journaled upon the shaft 30. lnlovement of the pinion Tl in one direction along the shaft prevented by a collar 78 fixed to the shaft, and in the other direction by a ratchet wheel 79, which is keyed to the shaft. Fixed upon the hubof the pinion 77 is a bell-crank lever, one arm 80 of which is connected by a spring 81 to the under side of the work plate 5, and the other arm 82 of which has pivoted upon the free end thereof a pawl 83 for cooperation with the teeth of ratchet wheel The pawl 83 is fixed upon a pivot pin 8% (Figure 9), and this pivotpin carries a downwardly extending; rocker-arm 85 carrying a roller 86 at its lower end. 'lhis roller engages the periphery of a cam disk 87 journal-ed upon the shaft 30 at the side of ratchet wheel 79 opposite the pinion 77. This cam dish adapted to be ane'ularly adjusted by means to he hereinafter described.

The operation of the parts described in the preceding paragraph is as follows: l v hen the foot treadle is depressed. the pinion 77 is rotated in a counter-cloekwise direction, as viewed in Figure 8. This counter-clockwise rotation of the pinion has no effect upon the sh aft 30, since said pinion is rotatable freely upon said shaft. However. bell-crank lever arms 80 and 82 rotate with the pinion, thereby putting" spring 81 under tension, and causing;- pawl 83 to ride freely over the teeth of the ratchet wheel 79. The movement of arm 82 in the counter-clockwise direction carries roller 86 oil of the low portion of cam disk 87 on to the high portion thereof, thereby swingingpawl -33 clear of the teeth of the ratchet wheel. i l hen the operator takes his foot off of the foot treadle 63, the spring 81 in'm'iediately rotates the arms 82 and 83 and pinion 77 in a clockwise direction. The first portion of this rotation of these parts has no effect upon shaft 30 by reason of the engagement of the roller 86 with the high portion of c m disk 8'21 As soon, however, as the roller moves onto the low portion of the cam dish, tne pawl 83 drops into engagementwith the teeth of the ratchet wheel 79, causing; the latter to be rotated in a clockwise direction with the arm 82. If desired, a light spring may be associated with the pawl 83 for insuring its engagementwith the teeth of the ratchet wheel. Since the ratchet wheel 79 is keyed to shaft 30. the latter will be rotated with arm 82 to thereby effect a slight trans verse movement of the carriage 22 to the right during the raising of arm 52 of U- shaped member 51. Obviously. the extent of this transverse movement of the cariage during; the raising of arm 52 may be varied by adjusting the cam disk 8! angularlv on shaft 30. a matter of fact, the cam disk 87 may be so adjusted that no transverse movement of the carriage 22 will talre place upon the raising of the arm lii eans is provided for cooperation with the means thus described. in order to insure that the movements of the foot treadle. and hence the raising and lowering; movements of the charactier-marking: head an d the rocking movements of the bell-crank lever arms 80 and 82 shall be perfectly uniform and limited in their scope. Referring to Figure 6, an arm 88 is secured at one end upon the right hand end of shaft 59 at the outer side of the corresponding side member of frame 2. interposed between this arm and side,

of the frame is a segmental plate 89 having two integral lugs-9O and 91. The upper lug 90 forms a fixed stop for limiting upward movement of arm 88 under the influence of the spring 81 (Figure 8). Extending through the lower lug 91 is a screw 92 formingan adjustable stop for limiting downward movement of said arm. The lower lug 91 is provided with a beveled extension 98, on which slides the free end of a stop lever 94 fixed upon the right hand end of a transverse shaft 95 parallel to and underlying the shaft 59 (Figures 7 and 8). The shaft 95 is' journaled in the side members of the frame 2 and is adapted to be displaced longitudinally. For this purpose, the shaft is provided intermediate its ends with a handle 96 extending forwardly through a yoke 97 (Figures 1 and 3) carried by the frame 2. This yoke is provided with two downwardly facing V-shaped notches 98 for cooperation with the similarly shaped upper edge of said handle. A spring 99 attached at one end to the lever 94, and at its other end to the frame 2, tends to rotate said lever in a clock wise direction. To shift the shaft 95 and lever 94- to the right or left, it is only necessary to depress the handle 96 to disengage it from one of thenotches 98 and then move it to the right or left to bring its V-shaped upper edge opposite the other notch. Upon release of the handle, spring 99 will swing it upwardly into engagement with said other notch. When stop lever 9a is shifted to the left, it underlies arm 88 and prevents the latter from engaging screw 92 when the foot treadle is depressed, the upper surface of the end of said stop lever engaged by said arm being at a slightly higher elevation than the end of the screw. Under these condi tions, the char cter-marking head will not reach its normal lowermost position upon depression of the foot treadle, and hence no impression will be made upon the book cover, but a feeding movement of the carriage to the right will take place nevertheless upon the raising of the head by the spring 81.

From the foregoing, it will be understood that when the stop lever Saris shifted to the right to its inoperative position, downward movement of thefoot treadle will be limited by engagement of the arm 88 with the screw 92, and the character-marking head will de scend far enough for an impression to be made upon the book cover supported upon the work plate 5. On the other hand, upward movement of the characteranarking head will be limited by the engagement of the arm 88 with the upper fixed stop 90. During this upward movement of the head, the lever arm 82 will move in a clockwise direction. thereby effecting, through the engagement of pawl 88 with ratchet wheel 79, a movement of the carriage 22 to the right and a corresponding movement of the head,

thereby positioning the latter for the succeeding impression The intermittent movements of the carriage 22 by reason of the raising and lowering of the head as above explained, will be at a mariniun'i when the cam disk 87 is adjusted to a position such that the roller 86 is not affected by the high portion thereof during the movements of the lever arm 82, buten-.

gages the low portion only of the cam disk during such movements. However, as different kinds of work require different spacings of the head in accordance with the size of type employed, the number of characters in the line and the length of the line, it is es sential that the automatic spacing steps should be variable at will. This result is obtained by adjusting the cam disk 87 so that the roller 86 will travelover a greater or less extent of the high portion of the cam disk during the movements of the lever arm 82. Thus, if the cam disk is so adjustedthat the roller engages only the high portion of the cam disk during the movements of the lever arm 82, the spacing movements of the carriage 22 and head will become zero. l Vhen this latter condition obtains, the automatic step by step spacing mechanism is out of gear or disconnected, and manual operation of the carriage 22, either to the right or to the left by means of the hand wheel 48, is permitted. This out of gear condition of the automatic spacing mechanism is necessary for bringing the carriage back to its starting position at the left after. a word or a line has been printed.

It will be apparent that by adjusting the cam disk 87 to different positions, as desired, the automatic spacing of the head may be varied by degrees between zero and a maximum. This will be better understood by the following illustration: Let it be assumed that the ratchet wheel 79 has seventy-two teeth, and that the normal movement of the lever arm 82, when the stop lever 94is in inoperative position, 18 through an angleof degrees. When this is the case, at each movement of the lever arm 82 in a counterclockwise direction, the pawl 83 will move over twenty-four of the seventy-two teeth of the ratchet wheel, and in the movement of the lever arm in the clockwise direction, the ratchet wheel will be turned a distance corresponding to twenty-four teeth on its periphery, provided the cam disk 87 has been adjusted to such a positionthat the roller 86 engages only the low portion of said disk during the movements of the lever arm 82. If the cam disk be now adjusted sothat its high portion is engaged by the roller 86 when the pawl 83 in its counterclockwise direction of movement has just passed over the tenth tooth, for example, then the pawl in its clockwise direction of movement, for a distance corresponding to fourteen teeth 

